Lubricating oil antioxidant additive is an important lubricating oil additive, mainly used to reduce the oxidation rate of lubricating oil, increase the service life of lubricating oil, and ensure the normal operation of the engine.
Definition and functions of lubricating oil antioxidant additives
Lubricating oil antioxidant additives are compounds added to lubricating oils and greases to prevent oxidation and degradation of the lubricating oil. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when a lubricant reacts with oxygen in the presence of heat and moisture, resulting in the formation of harmful by-products such as sludge, varnish, and acid. These by-products can cause corrosion, wear and other problems on machinery and equipment.
The function of lubricating oil antioxidant additives is to inhibit or slow down oxidation reactions. They scavenge reactive oxygen species and free radicals, which are responsible for initiating and propagating oxidative reactions. This helps prevent the formation of oxidation by-products and maintains lubricant performance.
Lubricating oil antioxidant additive is a chemical substance specially added to lubricating oil. Its main function is to reduce the oxidation rate of lubricating oil and extend the service life of lubricating oil. Specifically, lubricating oil antioxidant additives have the following functions:
Reduce the oxidation rate of lubricating oil: During use, lubricating oil will be affected by many factors such as high temperature, metal surface catalysis, air oxygen, etc., resulting in accelerated oxidation rate. Lubricating oil antioxidant additives can effectively inhibit oxidation reactions and reduce the oxidation rate of lubricating oil.
Improve the service life of lubricating oil: Since lubricating oil antioxidant additives can reduce the oxidation rate of lubricating oil, they can effectively extend the service life of lubricating oil.
Ensure the normal operation of the engine: Lubricating oil antioxidant additives can maintain the quality of the lubricating oil, allowing it to exert a good lubrication effect in the engine, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the engine.
Classification of lubricating oil antioxidant additives
According to their chemical properties and mechanism of action, lubricating oil antioxidant additives can be divided into the following categories:
Phenolic Antioxidants: These are compounds containing phenolic groups, such as alkylated phenols or hindered phenols. These antioxidants work by donating hydrogen atoms to active substances, thereby interrupting oxidation reactions.
Amine antioxidants: These additives contain amine functional groups, such as hindered amines or aromatic amines. Amine antioxidants scavenge free radicals and react with reactive substances to stop the oxidation process.
Mixed Functional Antioxidants: These antioxidants contain both phenolic and amine functional groups. They provide a variety of antioxidant properties that prevent different types of oxidation reactions.
Metal deactivators: These additives are used to inhibit oxidation caused by metal catalysts such as copper or iron. Metal deactivators chelate metal ions, preventing them from catalyzing oxidation reactions.
Polyamine: Polyamine antioxidant additive is an efficient antioxidant that can decompose and inhibit oxidation products in lubricating oil, thereby reducing the oxidation rate of lubricating oil.
Copper-based compound: Copper-based compound is a common antioxidant additive for lubricating oil. Its mechanism of action is to form a protective film by reacting with oxygen, thereby inhibiting the oxidation of lubricating oil.
Additive anti-wear agent: Additive anti-wear agent is an additive with both antioxidant and anti-wear properties, which can effectively protect engines and other equipment from wear and oxidation.
Application of lubricating oil antioxidant additives
Lubricating oil antioxidant additives are widely used in various types of lubricating oils, such as engine lubricating oil, gearbox lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, etc. The following are some specific application scenarios:
Engine lubricating oil: The engine is the core component of vehicles such as automobiles, and its normal operation is inseparable from good lubrication protection. Adding an appropriate amount of antioxidant additives to engine lubricating oil can effectively extend the service life of the engine.
Gearbox lubricant: The gearbox is a very important part of the mechanical transmission system. Its operating accuracy and efficiency directly affect the performance of the entire mechanical system. Adding antioxidant additives to gearbox lubricating oil can reduce gear wear and improve gear transmission efficiency.
Hydraulic oil: Hydraulic oil is the working medium in the hydraulic system, which plays the role of energy transmission and lubrication. Adding antioxidant additives to hydraulic oil can improve the stability and reliability of the hydraulic system and extend the service life of hydraulic equipment.
In short, lubricating oil antioxidant additives play an important role in extending the service life of lubricating oil and protecting the normal operation of engines and other equipment. Understanding its mechanism, classification and application will help us better select and use lubricating oil antioxidant additives, thereby extending the service life of equipment and improving work efficiency.