What Is Base Number (BN)? The Base Number (BN) of an engine oil is a measure of its ability to neutralize acids that are produced during the combustion process, particularly in engines using sulfur-rich fuels. It is expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) per gram of oil, indicating how much base (alkaline substance) is…

High Base Number Additives: Applications High Base Number (High-BN) additives are essential components in lubricants designed for demanding applications where high levels of acid neutralization, cleaning, and performance under harsh conditions are required. Their applications span industries such as automotive, marine, industrial, and power generation. 1. What Are High Base Number Additives? The Base Number…

Causes and Solutions for Tar in Grease During the use or storage of grease, tar-like substances are sometimes produced. This phenomenon is usually caused by thermal decomposition, oxidation, contamination or chemical instability of the grease. The following are the main reasons for the production of tar and the corresponding solutions: High-temperature decomposition When grease is…

Spin finish oil is a specialized formulation used in the textile industry, primarily for synthetic fiber production, such as polyester, nylon, or polypropylene. It is applied to fibers during their production process to impart specific properties like lubrication, antistatic behavior, cohesion, and smooth processing. Key Components of Spin Finish Oil Formulation Considerations Testing and Optimization…

Yes, soluble polymers can be used to reduce the pour point of paraffin wax, mainly by changing the formation and aggregation of wax crystals in paraffin wax, thereby improving low-temperature fluidity. The following is a detailed analysis and suggestions: Crystal modification: polymers adsorb on the surface of wax crystals to change their crystal morphology, making…

PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) is a thermoplastic polymer whose melting point is not a clear temperature, but shows softening and flow characteristics between 200°C and 240°C (glass transition temperature 𝑇𝑔 is 105°C – 120°C). The following is a relevant analysis of PMMA mixed with paraffin under high temperature conditions: Strictly speaking, PMMA does not really “melt”,…

To address the potential antagonistic effects between sulfurized esters and Zinc Dialkyl Dithiophosphate (ZDDP) in lubricant formulations, the following strategies are typically employed: 1. Careful Optimization of Additive Dosage 2. Colloidal and Solubility Stability Testing 3. Use of Secondary or Synergistic Additives 4. Testing Under Operational Conditions 5. Antagonism Mitigation via Additive Surface Chemistry 6.…

To transform recycled motor oil into a base engine oil suitable for use in motorcycles and taxis, several additives are typically incorporated to restore or enhance the oil’s properties. These additives ensure that the recycled oil meets the performance and protection requirements needed for high-demand applications like motorcycles and taxis. Here are the key additives…

Improving the quality of recycled engine oil, often referred to as re-refined or reclaimed oil, involves several critical steps to ensure that the oil meets the necessary performance standards and can be effectively reused. Here are the key processes and additives that can help improve the quality of recycled engine oil: 1. Effective Contaminant Removal…

When sulfonic acid, base oil, concentrated acetic acid, acetic acid, calcium carbonate and distilled water are mixed, a series of complex chemical reactions may occur. The specific products generated depend on the reaction conditions (such as temperature, stirring, reaction time) and the ratio of each component. The following are the main reactions that may occur…